← Real World Protocols
Real World Ready  ·  Layer 1: Authentic Experience

Backyard BioBlitz

Biology  ·  Environmental Science  |  Years 1–13  |  Portable framework  ·  No specialist equipment needed
A BioBlitz is a timed, intensive survey of every living thing in a defined area. It can happen on the school grounds, in a local reserve, or in any patch of vegetation students can reach on foot. The premise is simple: go out, find things, record them. What makes a BioBlitz irreplaceable as a learning event is not the species list that results from it — it is the experience of looking carefully at a place and discovering that it is far more alive than anyone expected. That discovery belongs to the student. No AI, no video, and no textbook can manufacture it. This protocol gives you everything you need to run a BioBlitz with any year level, and connects students to the global iNaturalist citizen science network as they go.
Prepare
In the field
iNaturalistNZ + AI as thinking partner
Trace and act
What You Need
  • Mobile phones with iNaturalistNZ installedDownload the free iNaturalistNZ app before leaving the classroom. Enable location services. One device per group is the minimum; more is better. Students photograph organisms and submit observations directly from the field.
  • White flat-bottomed containersIce cream containers, dish tubs, or bus trays. White is essential for spotting small invertebrates. One per group. Fill with water on site if doing ground search or litter sampling.
  • Magnifying glasses or hand lensesA 5x to 10x hand lens is sufficient for most species. One per group minimum.
  • Sweep nets or butterfly netsFor sampling long grass, shrubs, and low vegetation. Inexpensive nets work well. One per pair if available.
  • Small containers with lidsYoghurt pots or specimen jars for temporary holding while photographing. Punch small holes in lids. Return all organisms after photographing.
  • Tally sheet or field notebookA simple grid: organism name or description, number found, location within the survey area, method used to find it. Download a template or draw one up before heading out.
  • TimerA BioBlitz is a timed event. Set a clear start and end time. Thirty minutes is workable for younger students; one hour gives older groups enough time to cover methods systematically.
Tip: Walk the survey area with students before starting and define the boundaries clearly. The combination of a time limit and a bounded area creates the competitive energy that drives a good BioBlitz. Students work harder when they know the clock is running.
Running the BioBlitz
1
Set the area and the clock

Define the survey boundary before starting. Flag it with cones or mark it on a shared map. Announce the time limit. The goal is to find as many different species as possible within the boundary before time is called.

2
Active searching

Turn over rocks, logs, bark, and leaf litter carefully. Look on the underside of leaves and in the folds of plants. Replace everything you move exactly as you found it. Ground-dwelling beetles, weta, spiders, native snails, and slaters are commonly found this way.

3
Sweep netting

Swing a net in a wide figure-of-eight motion through long grass, shrubs, and low vegetation. After ten to twenty sweeps, close the net and examine what is inside using a white tray. Release everything after photographing and recording.

4
Beat sheeting

Hold a white tray or container under a shrub or tree branch and shake the branch firmly. Insects, spiders, and larvae drop onto the white surface. This method is particularly effective for discovering species that are invisible from above.

5
Pitfall trapping (overnight option)

Sink a small cup level with the ground surface in a grassy area. Leave overnight, check in the morning, photograph contents, then remove the trap. Ground-active beetles and invertebrates walk in and cannot climb out. Reset the ground surface after removing the trap.

6
Photograph and submit

Photograph every organism against a plain white background before releasing it. Submit each photograph as an iNaturalistNZ observation. Include location and any habitat notes. If signal is poor, save as drafts and submit back in the classroom.

7
Return everything

Release all organisms to exactly where they were found. Return any rocks, bark, or logs to their original position. Leave the survey area in the same state you found it.

What You Are Looking For

The goal of a BioBlitz is to find as many different species as possible. What matters more than any single find is the pattern: a biodiverse area supports a wide range of organisms across different feeding roles and habitat layers. For Southland schools in particular, even a modest patch of native vegetation or an undisturbed corner of the school grounds can produce an impressive species list.

  • InvertebratesWeta (tree weta, ground weta, and the distinctive Southland cave weta in forested areas), native beetles, ground beetles, spiders, harvestmen, moths, native earwigs, and native snails. Invertebrates are the most accessible and abundant group at any site.
  • PlantsNative ferns, mosses, and lichens are often overlooked. Documenting the plant species present tells the story of what habitat the animals are relying on. A patch of native bush remnant supports a fundamentally different community from a mown grass area.
  • BirdsRecord any birds seen or heard within or above the survey area during the BioBlitz period. Tui, bellbird, kereru, fantail, and tomtit are all present in Southland bush remnants.
  • ReptilesSouthland supports populations of native skinks and geckos, including the cryptic green gecko. Slow, careful searching under flat rocks and corrugated iron sheets on sunny days can reveal them. Handle only with permission from your teacher and release immediately.
  • Fungi and lichensOften missed but genuinely important. A BioBlitz should include any visible fungi on wood, soil, or leaf litter. iNaturalistNZ has a strong fungi identification community.
Reading the result: A high species count across multiple feeding roles (predators, decomposers, herbivores, pollinators) indicates a healthy, functioning habitat. A list dominated by exotic species or a very low count suggests the area is under stress or heavily modified. The comparison between survey sites — school grounds versus a nearby reserve — often reveals this contrast strikingly.
Health and safety: As with any activity outside the classroom, please ensure your school's own EOTC requirements and health and safety procedures are followed. Establish clear rules for handling organisms before heading out: photograph and release, no collection without specific permission, and wash hands after handling soil or animals.

LEARNZ Backyard BioBlitz: a classroom starting point

LEARNZ has produced a free Backyard BioBlitz activity that works well as a preparation resource before heading out to run your own BioBlitz. The activity is built around a video with Biodiversity Ranger Brad, filmed at Ō Tū Wharekai, a high-country wetland in the Southern Alps, demonstrating four methods for catching and observing invertebrates. iNaturalistNZ is recommended throughout as the identification tool. The activity is free and requires no registration.

Using the LEARNZ activity in the classroom

  • Watch the Ranger Brad video with students before heading out: it models all four methods used in this protocol and gives students a clear picture of what they are about to do
  • Use the LEARNZ discussion questions as a pre-BioBlitz thinking warm-up: what is biodiversity and why does it matter? What should you do with an invertebrate once you find one?
  • The critter-catching creation challenge from the LEARNZ activity works well as a design technology extension: students design and build their own invertebrate sampling device before or after the BioBlitz
  • The full bioblitz191 field trip at learnz.org.nz provides background reading, expert videos, and quizzes that extend the learning further for interested students
LEARNZ Backyard BioBlitz activity →

How iNaturalistNZ connects your BioBlitz to science

  • iNaturalistNZ uses your location to narrow identification to species that are actually recorded in your region, making it far more accurate than a general search
  • Its AI image recognition is trained on biodiversity data, not general internet text
  • Every observation submitted by your students is reviewed by expert identifiers from the NZ naturalist community, sometimes within hours
  • Observations become part of the permanent NZ biodiversity record and are used by DOC, NIWA, and researchers to track species distribution and change over time
  • Students can check back on their observations after the BioBlitz and see whether experts have confirmed, corrected, or commented on their identifications

Back in the classroom: AI as thinking partner (Real World Ready Layer 2)

These prompts build on what students observed and recorded during the BioBlitz. iNaturalistNZ observations are the starting point for most prompts. Where gen AI is used alongside iNaturalistNZ, the comparison between the two outputs is the learning task, not the AI output itself.

Years 0–6
What did iNaturalistNZ say?

Look at your iNaturalistNZ observation. What did the app identify your creature as? Describe the same creature to a gen AI chatbot without showing a photo. Did they agree? Which answer do you trust more and why?

Where does it live and what does it eat?

Choose one organism from your BioBlitz. Ask a gen AI chatbot: "Where does a [organism name] live and what does it eat?" Then check the answer against your iNaturalistNZ observation and what you actually saw at the BioBlitz site.

What would change if this was missing?

Ask a gen AI chatbot: "What would happen to other animals in this area if all the [organism] disappeared?" Tell it what other animals you found in the same place. Does its answer make sense based on what you saw?

Count and compare

Tell a gen AI chatbot how many different types of living things your group found: "We found [number] different species in [location] in [time]. Is that a lot or a little for a school ground?" What would it need to know to give you a better answer?

Years 7–10
Compare the identification tools

Submit your most interesting specimen to iNaturalistNZ. Then describe it to a gen AI chatbot without a photograph. Where do the identifications agree? Where do they differ? What does the difference tell you about how each tool works and what data it is drawing on?

What does the species list tell you about the habitat?

Share your complete BioBlitz species list with a gen AI chatbot: "We found these species at [location type] in [region]: [list]. What does this combination of species tell you about the condition of this habitat?" Evaluate the response against what you observed on the day.

Your observation in context

Find one of your iNaturalistNZ observations online and look at where else in NZ this species has been recorded. Ask a gen AI chatbot: "Why might ecologists track where this species appears and disappears over time?" What would a change in distribution tell researchers?

Design a repeat survey

Ask a gen AI chatbot to help you design a repeat BioBlitz: "If I wanted to know whether the biodiversity of this site had changed in six months, what would I need to measure, how would I measure it, and what result would tell me something had changed?"

Years 11–13
Interrogate the identification tools systematically

For an ambiguous specimen, compare: iNaturalistNZ with location enabled, iNaturalistNZ with location disabled, and a gen AI chatbot with a written description only. Document the results. What does this comparison reveal about the training data, design assumptions, and appropriate use cases for each tool?

Biodiversity indices and their limits

Ask a gen AI chatbot to explain the Shannon Diversity Index and how it is calculated. Apply it to your BioBlitz data. Then ask: "What does a higher Shannon index tell a conservation manager, and what does it not tell them?" Verify the explanation against an authoritative source such as a university ecology resource or Statistics NZ guidance.

Habitat quality and land use history

Ask a gen AI chatbot: "Given a BioBlitz at [your site type] that found [your species list], what land use history would most likely explain this result, and what changes to the immediate area would most improve biodiversity within five years?" Evaluate the causal chain against your knowledge of the actual site and its surroundings.

Citizen science as evidence

Research what makes iNaturalistNZ observations scientifically credible: sampling protocol, location accuracy, expert verification, and data accessibility. Ask a gen AI chatbot the same question. Write a short critical comparison: what can citizen science data contribute that neither professional ecological surveys nor AI-generated responses can replicate, and where are its limits?

EXPERIENCE TRACE SCALE · BACKYARD BIOBLITZ
Level Years 0–6 Years 7–10 Years 11–13
1 Student names at least one organism found during the BioBlitz and can point to it in a photograph or their field notes. Understands that the organisms came from a real outdoor location, not a textbook or screen. Student identifies organisms from the BioBlitz sample by name, notes their ecological role, and makes a basic claim about habitat condition based on what was found. Student identifies organisms to species level where possible, notes their functional role in the ecosystem, and produces an initial habitat quality assessment from the field data.
2 Student links the organisms found to a habitat claim: "We found a lot of different types of invertebrates, which means there is good habitat here" or equivalent. Can explain in simple terms why more species types usually means a healthier place. Student explains the connection between species diversity and habitat quality, linking specific finds to specific conditions such as the presence of native vegetation, undisturbed soil, or nearby water. Student constructs a causal account connecting habitat characteristics, land use history, and organism community composition, using the BioBlitz data as the evidence base.
3 Student compares what iNaturalistNZ said about a specimen with what a gen AI chatbot said, and can explain in simple terms why the two tools gave different answers. Student documents a systematic comparison between iNaturalistNZ and gen AI identification for at least one specimen, identifies where they agreed and differed, and explains what the difference reveals about how each tool works. Student analyses identification results across multiple specimens, draws conclusions about the conditions under which each tool is reliable, and evaluates the implications for using AI in biodiversity and conservation practice.
4 Student explains what being at the BioBlitz site added that a video, photograph, or AI explanation could not: the experience of searching carefully, the surprise of what turned up, the feel of the soil or bark, the noise and movement of something found under a rock. Student articulates what direct field observation provides that secondary sources cannot: independently collected, location-specific, time-stamped data. Explains why that matters for a biodiversity claim. Student reflects on the epistemological difference between field-collected data, citizen science observation, and AI-generated explanation, considering what each can and cannot constitute as evidence in an environmental science or conservation context.
5 Student submits at least one iNaturalistNZ observation from the BioBlitz and can explain that experts will review it and that it will be used by scientists. Generates one question they would want to investigate at the same site in a different season or weather condition. Student submits iNaturalistNZ observations, checks back for expert identifications, and formulates a testable monitoring question: what would need to change in the species list or count to conclude that the habitat had improved or declined? Student designs a monitoring protocol for repeat BioBlitz sampling: specifies the survey method, site boundaries, time parameters, species to record, a biodiversity index to calculate, and a hypothesis about what future change would look like and why.