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Antarctica: Why It Matters

A Real World Protocol  ·  Field-Based STEM  ·  LEARNZ  ·  Years 3–13  ·  Climate, Environment and Earth Science  ·  Virtual access
No New Zealand school can take its class to Antarctica. The continent is 5,000 kilometres from Christchurch, temperatures reach -40°C, and access requires military logistics and government permission. For most students, Antarctica is an idea rather than a place. LEARNZ changed that. Across 13 virtual field trips to the Ross Sea region, Shelley Hersey — environmental educator, Field-Based STEM facilitator, and the person behind these resources — travelled to Scott Base and brought Antarctica back to classrooms across Aotearoa. The videos, audioconferences, scientist Q&As, and background resources she created are not simulations of Antarctica. They are Antarctica, mediated through someone who was there. This protocol shows how to use the LEARNZ Antarctica archive as a Real World Ready Layer 1 experience, and extend it with AI as a thinking partner.
13 LEARNZ field trips to the Ross Sea region
−40°C Antarctic winter temperatures at Scott Base
5,000 km Distance from Christchurch to Scott Base
Free All LEARNZ Antarctica resources, available now in the archive
About the resource creator: Shelley Hersey Shelley Hersey is an environmental educator, citizen science facilitator, and specialist in climate change education. She grew up in Ōtepoti Dunedin exploring wild southern landscapes and has spent her career connecting students and teachers to places and experiences beyond the reach of most classrooms. As the LEARNZ teacher for Antarctica, Shelley physically travelled to Scott Base to create the videos, diaries, and audioconferences that form the archive. She is also a Field-Based STEM facilitator and offers the Why Antarctica Matters workshop for teachers, as well as Glaciers and Virtually There — a workshop on creating your own virtual field trips. Learn more about Shelley →
PrepareBefore the trip
ExperienceThe LEARNZ field trip
Back in the classroomProcess and reflect
AI as thinking partnerLayer 2
How a LEARNZ trip works
1
Background reading

Each trip includes easy-reading and standard-level background pages. Students build enough knowledge to ask real questions before the field trip content begins.

2
Video diaries from the field

Shelley filmed daily diaries at Scott Base and in the field. Students travel with her — to sea ice camps, research huts, and the Dry Valleys — through her eyes and her camera.

3
Audioconferences with scientists

Live and recorded conversations with Antarctic researchers. Students submitted questions and got direct answers from scientists doing real work at the time. The recordings are in the archive.

4
Student activities

Each trip includes activities, quizzes, and structured inquiry tasks linked to the NZ Curriculum. Use the resources as a class, in groups, or for independent inquiry.

5
The closing question

Antarctica is 5,000 kilometres away. What students saw and heard there still affects everything that happens here. What is the connection between Antarctic ice and the weather outside your classroom window today?

What students encounter in the archive
Sea ice and climate science NIWA scientists studying how ice crystals form, why sea ice is changing, and what that means for global ocean circulation and climate. Real data, real uncertainty, real debate.
Antarctic food webs and wildlife Krill, fish, seals, penguins, whales — a food web built on ice. Students encounter the ecology of the Southern Ocean and the pressure that climate change places on every level of it.
Life at Scott Base How scientists travel, eat, sleep, work, and stay safe in one of the most hostile environments on Earth. The logistics of research are part of the science.
Antarctic heritage Historic huts from the heroic era — Scott, Shackleton, Hillary — preserved by the Antarctic Heritage Trust. The huts are a direct link between early exploration and contemporary climate science.
Ice cores and deep time Ice as a climate record stretching back hundreds of thousands of years. Students encounter what it means to read evidence from a frozen archive rather than a document.
Accessing the archive
Find the Antarctica trips All LEARNZ field trips are free and publicly accessible. Go to learnz.org.nz and use the Field Trip Chooser to filter by Location: Antarctica. All 13 trips are in the archive. Subscribing (free) gives access to teacher support materials.
LEARNZ has completed its field trip programme and is no longer creating new resources. The Antarctica archive represents 13 field trips worth of videos, audioconferences, activities, and background reading — all freely available and curriculum-linked. It is one of the most comprehensive virtual field trip resources available to NZ schools.
For a live classroom experience that connects directly to these resources, Shelley offers the Why Antarctica Matters teacher professional development workshop through Field-Based STEM. It pairs directly with the LEARNZ archive and gives teachers the knowledge base to run the trip confidently. Book via Field-Based STEM →

Back in the classroom: AI as thinking partner (Real World Ready Layer 2)

Years 3–6
What is sea ice?Ask AI: "What is sea ice and how is it different from glacier ice?" Then compare AI's answer with what you saw in the LEARNZ videos. What did seeing it on video add to the explanation?
Antarctic animalsAsk AI: "How do penguins and seals survive in Antarctica?" Then ask: what did the LEARNZ scientists tell you about these animals that AI didn't mention? What did being with scientists add?
Why does Antarctica matter to us?Ask AI: "How does what happens in Antarctica affect New Zealand's weather and coastlines?" Then ask students: where did you see evidence of that connection in the LEARNZ field trip?
Life at Scott BaseAsk AI: "What do scientists eat and wear when they live in Antarctica?" Compare AI's answer with what Shelley showed in her video diaries. What surprised you most about life at the base?
Years 7–10
Sea ice and climateAsk AI: "Why is Antarctic sea ice important for global climate systems?" Then identify which parts of AI's answer were covered in the LEARNZ scientist audioconferences — and what the scientists added that AI left out.
Antarctic food websAsk AI: "What happens to the Antarctic food web if sea ice declines significantly?" Apply this to what you learned about krill, fish, seals, and penguins in the LEARNZ resources. Where does AI's model match the evidence and where does it simplify?
Ice cores and climate historyAsk AI: "How do scientists use ice cores to study past climates? What can ice cores tell us that other records can't?" Compare this with what the LEARNZ scientists explained about climate monitoring at Scott Base.
Antarctic heritageAsk AI about the historic huts of the heroic era. What were scientists trying to understand then, and what are they trying to understand now? Where has Antarctic science changed and where are the same questions still open?
Years 11–13
Ocean circulation and climateAsk AI to explain thermohaline circulation and Antarctic Bottom Water formation, and how sea ice change affects these systems. Evaluate AI's confidence and identify where the LEARNZ scientists expressed uncertainty that AI's account doesn't reflect.
Climate modellingAsk AI: "How do scientists incorporate Antarctic sea ice data into global climate models? What are the current limitations of those models?" Compare this with what NIWA researchers described in the LEARNZ audioconferences about their own data collection.
The Antarctic Treaty SystemAsk AI: "What is the Antarctic Treaty System and what does it prohibit? How has it shaped scientific research in Antarctica?" Apply this to the research you saw in the LEARNZ resources — what does the treaty make possible and what does it constrain?
Antarctica and New ZealandAsk AI to describe New Zealand's role in Antarctic science and governance. Then evaluate: what did the LEARNZ resources show about that relationship that AI's account treats as background rather than foreground?
Experience Trace Scale — LEARNZ Antarctica
Level Years 3–6 Years 7–10 Years 11–13
1 I can describe one thing I saw or heard in the LEARNZ resources that I couldn't have learned from a book or a picture. I can describe the key scientific work taking place in Antarctica and explain why that work requires scientists to be there in person. I can characterise the scientific questions being investigated at Scott Base and explain why Antarctic field conditions are essential to answering them.
2 I can explain one connection between what happens in Antarctica and something that affects my life in New Zealand. I can explain how changes in Antarctic sea ice connect to global climate systems and identify the specific mechanisms the LEARNZ scientists described. I can construct an account of Antarctica's role in global climate regulation and identify where the science is well-established and where genuine uncertainty remains.
3 I can say one thing AI told me about Antarctica and whether it matched what I saw and heard in the LEARNZ resources. I can identify where AI's account of Antarctic climate science matched what LEARNZ scientists described and where AI generalised or omitted what direct expert testimony provided. I can critically evaluate AI's account of Antarctic climate science against the LEARNZ scientists' own descriptions of their work, identifying points of accuracy, oversimplification, and absent nuance.
4 I can explain why watching a scientist do real work in Antarctica gave me something different from reading about it. I can explain what access to real scientists doing real work in real conditions adds to understanding that textbooks and AI-generated summaries cannot provide. I can articulate the epistemological difference between AI-synthesised climate knowledge and the direct scientific testimony available through the LEARNZ archive — and explain the evidential weight of each.
5 I can say one question I have about Antarctica now that I didn't have before I started the LEARNZ trip. I can identify a scientific or environmental question raised by the LEARNZ resources and propose what investigation would be needed to answer it. I can propose a research question arising from the LEARNZ material, identify appropriate primary and secondary sources, and explain what a well-evidenced answer would contribute to understanding Antarctica's role in global climate systems.
Related protocol Ready to visit the physical gateway?

The International Antarctic Centre, Ōtautahi Christchurch companion protocol covers ten curriculum-aligned programmes across Social Science, Science, and Environmental Conservation. Use this protocol to build context before the visit, or to extend inquiry after it.